Ingredient Science Library
Understand each named botanical, separate traditional use from clinical evidence and learn what remains unverified.
Explore this collection
Saw Palmetto for Urinary Health: What the Evidence Says
Saw palmetto is a palm whose berries are used in supplements for urinary symptoms associated with enlarged prostate. NCCIH reports…
Read guide →Ingredient scienceChinese Ginseng: Research, Uses and Safety
Chinese or Asian ginseng, usually Panax ginseng root, contains ginsenosides and has a history of traditional use. NCCIH notes smal…
Read guide →Ingredient scienceHawthorn Berry: Uses, Clinical Evidence and Cautions
Hawthorn is a shrub or tree whose fruit and other parts have been used in herbal traditions, especially around circulation. NCCIH …
Read guide →Ingredient scienceCayenne Pepper and Capsaicin: Benefits and Limitations
Cayenne is a Capsicum pepper, commonly eaten as food; its pungent constituent capsaicin is also studied in other forms. Topical ca…
Read guide →Ingredient scienceDamiana: Traditional Use and the Evidence Gap
Damiana generally refers to Turnera diffusa, an herb historically used in traditional wellness preparations. Traditional reputatio…
Read guide →Ingredient scienceMuira Puama: Botanical Background and Safety
Muira puama is a traditional name used for Amazonian botanicals, often associated with roots or bark in wellness products. Names a…
Read guide →Ingredient scienceEpimedium (Horny Goat Weed): Claims vs Evidence
Epimedium refers to a group of flowering plants used in traditional herbal systems and frequently marketed for vitality. Laborator…
Read guide →Ingredient scienceCatuaba Bark: What Research Can and Cannot Tell Us
Catuaba is a traditional Brazilian herbal name that may refer to different plant species and bark preparations. Because identity a…
Read guide →Editorial approach
These resources are educational and distinguish product advertising, ingredient research and independent public health information. They do not constitute personal medical advice.
Sources & verification
External sources support the points identified in the article; seller marketing is labeled separately from independent health evidence.